Table of muscles of the human body This is a table of muscles of the human anatomy . There are approximately 640 skeletal muscles within the typical human. However, the exact number is difficult to define because different sources group muscles differently. Examples range from 640 to 850[1]
The action refers to the action of each muscle from the standard anatomical position. In other positions, other actions may be performed.
Additional recommended knowledge
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
occipitofrontalis 2 occipital bellies and 2 frontal bellies. galea aponeurotica facial nerve raises the eyebrows
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
orbicularis oculi frontal bone ; medial palpebral ligament; lacrimal bone lateral palpebral raphe ophthalmic, zygomatico-orbital, angular] zygomatic branch of facial closes eyelids levator palpebrae superioris
corrugator supercilii superciliary arches forehead skin, near eyebrow facial nerve wrinkles forehead
depressor supercilii Medial orbital rim Medial aspect of bony orbit facial nerve Depression of eyebrow
Rectus:
Oblique:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
superior annulus of Zinn at the orbital apex, medial to optic canal Outer posterior quadrant of the eyeball lateral muscular branch of the ophthalmic artery trochlear nerve primary: intorsion. secondary:abduct (laterally rotate) and depress the eyeball
inferior orbital surface of the maxilla, lateral to the lacrimal groove laterally onto the eyeball , deep to the lateral rectus, by a short flat tendon oculomotor nerve extorsion, elevation, abduction
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
ciliary oculomotor nerve (parasympathetics) accommodation
iris dilator superior cervical ganglion (sympathetics) pupil dilation iris sphincter muscle
iris sphincter short ciliary nerves constricts pupil iris dilator muscle
Nose
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
procerus From fascia over the lower of the nasal bone skin of the lower part of the forehead between the eyebrows Buccal branch of the facial nerve Draws down the medial angle of the eyebrow giving expressions of frowning
nasalis Maxilla Nasal bone Buccal branch of the facial nerve Compresses bridge, depresses tip of nose, elevates corners of nostrils
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
dilatator naris margin of the nasal notch of the maxilla, greater andlesser alar cartilages skin near the margin of the nostril Buccal branch of the facial nerve Dilation of nostrils
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
depressor septi nasi incisive fossa of the maxilla nasal septum and back part of the alar part of nasalis muscle Buccal branch of the facial nerve Depression of nasal septum
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi maxilla nostril and upper lip buccal branch of facial nerve dilates the nostril ; elevates the upper lip and wing of the nose
Mouth
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
levator labii superioris Medial infra-orbital margin Skin and muscle of the upper lip (labii superioris) facial artery buccal branch of the facial nerve Elevates the upper lip
depressor labii inferioris oblique line of the mandible , between the symphysis and the mental foramen integument of the lower lip, Orbicularis oris fibers, its fellow of the opposite side facial nerve depress the lower lip
Zygomaticus:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
mentalis anterior mandible chin mandibular branch of facial nerve elevates and wrinkles skin of chin, protrudes lower lip
buccinator alveolar processes of the maxillary bone and mandible , pterygomandibular raphe in the fibres of the orbicularis oris buccal artery buccal branch of the facial nerve compress the cheeks against the teeth (blowing), mastication .
orbicularis oris Maxilla and mandible Skin around the lips buccal branch of the facial nerve pucker the lips
risorius parotid fascia modiolus facial artery Buccal branch of the facial nerve draw back angle of mouth
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
masseter zygomatic arch and maxilla coronoid process and ramus of mandible masseteric artery masseteric nerve (V3) elevation (as in closing of the mouth) and retraction of mandible Platysma muscle
temporalis temporal lines on the parietal bone of the skull coronoid process of the mandible deep temporal third branch (mandibular nerve ) of the trigeminal nerve elevation and retraction of mandible Platysma muscle
Pterygoid:
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
Pharyngeal constrictor:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
inferior cricoid and thyroid cartilage pharyngeal raphe external laryngeal branch of the vagus Swallowing
middle hyoid bone pharyngeal raphe Vagus nerve Swallowing
superior medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle Vagus nerve Swallowing
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
cricothyroid Anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage Inferior cornu and lamina of the thyroid cartilage external laryngeal branch of the vagus tension and elongation of the vocal folds
Cricoarytenoid:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
posterior posterior part of the cricoid muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus abducts and laterally rotates the cartilage, pulling the vocal ligaments away from the midline and forward and so opening the rima glottidis Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
lateral lateral part of the arch of the cricoid muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus adduct and medially rotate the cartilage, pulling the vocal ligaments towards the midline and backwards and so closing off the rima glottidis
Cevical
Suprahyoid
Infrahyoid/Strap
Vertevral
Anterior
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
longus colli Transverse processes of C-3 - C-6 Inferior surface of the occipital bone C2-C6 Flexes the neck and head
longus capitis anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebræ basilar part of the occipital bone C1-C3/C4 flexion of neck at atlanto-occipital joint
rectus capitis anterior atlas occipital bone C1 flexion of neck at atlanto-occipital joint
rectus capitis lateralis upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas under surface of the jugular process of the occipital bone C1
Lateral
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
scalene cervical vertebrae (C2 -C7 ) first and second ribs Ascending cervical artery (branch of Inferior thyroid artery) cervical nerves (C3-C7) elevation of ribs I&II
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
anterior C3 -C6 first rib Ascending cervical artery (branch of Inferior thyroid artery) ventral ramus of C5, C6
medius C2 -C6 first rib Ascending cervical artery (branch of Inferior thyroid artery) Ventral rami of the third to eighth cervical spinal nerves Elevate 1st rib, rotate the neck to the opposite side
posterior transverse processes of C4 - C6 2nd rib Ascending cervical artery, superficial cervical artery C6 - C8 Elevate 2nd rib, tilt the neck to the same side
splenius:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
capitis Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7 -T6 Mastoid process of temporal and occipital bone C3, C4 Extend, rotate, and laterally flex the head
cervicis spinous processes of T3 -T6 transverse processes of C1-C3 C5, C6
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
iliocostalis lateral sacral artery
longissimus transverse process transverse process lateral sacral artery posterior branch of spinal nerve Rectus abdominis muscle
spinalis spinous process spinous process lateral sacral artery posterior branch of spinal nerve Rectus abdominis muscle
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
latissimus dorsi spinous processes of thoracic T6 -T12 , thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery thoracodorsal nerve pulls the forelimb dorsally and caudally deltoid , trapezius
transversospinales transverse process spinous process posterior branches
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
semispinalis dorsi transverse processes of the sixth to the tenth thoracic vertebræ spinous processes of the upper four thoracic and lower two cervical vertebrae
semispinalis cervicis transverse processes of the upper five or six thoracic vertebræ cervical spinous processes, from the axis to the fifth
Semispinalis capitis Transversal process of lower cervical and higher thoracal columna Area between superior and inferior nuchal line Greater occipital nerve Extend the head
multifidus Sacrum , Erector spinae Aponeurosis , PSIS, and Iliac crest spinous process Posterior branches Stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column
rotatores transverse process spinous process posterior branch
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
interspinales Spinous process Spinous process Posterior rami of spinal nerves Extension, flexion and rotation of vertebral column.
intertransversarii Transverse process Transverse process above Anterior rami of spinal nerves Lateral flexion of trunk
Suboccipital
rectus capitis posterior:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
major Spinous process of the axis (C2 ) Inferior nucheal line of the occipital bone Dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)
minor the tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas the medial part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface between it and the foramen magnum a branch of the dorsal primary division of the suboccipital nerve extends the head at the neck, but is now considered to be more of a sensory organ than a muscle
obliquus capitis:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
inferior spinous process of the axis lateral mass of atlas suboccipital nerve
superior lateral mass of atlas lateral half of the inferior nuchal line suboccipital nerve
Chest
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
intercostales ribs 1-11 ribs 2-12 intercostal arteries intercostal nerves
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
subcostales inner surface of one rib inner surface of the second or third rib above, near its angle intercostal nerves
transversus thoracis costal cartilages of last 3-4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process ribs/costal cartilages 2-6 intercostal arteries intercostal nerves depresses ribs
levatores costarum Transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae Superior surfaces of the ribs immediately inferior to the preceding vertebrae dorsal rami C8-T11 Assists in elevation of the thoracic rib cage
serratus posterior:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
inferior vertebrae T11 - L3 the inferior borders of the 9th through 12th ribs intercostal arteries intercostal nerves depress the lower ribs, aiding in expiration
superior nuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7 through T3 the upper borders of the 2nd through 5th ribs intercostal arteries 2nd through 5th intercostal nerves elevate the ribs which aids in inspiration
diaphragm Pericardiacophrenic artery, Musculophrenic artery, Inferior phrenic arteries phrenic and lower intercostal nerves respiration
obliques:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
external Lower 8 costae Crista iliaca, ligamentum inguinale lower 6 intercostal nerve , subcostal nerve Rotates torso
internal Inguinal ligament, Iliac crest and the Lumbodorsal fascia Linea alba, Xiphoid process and the inferior ribs. Compresses abdomen and rotates vertebral column.
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
transversus abdominis ribs and the iliac crest inserts into the pubic tubercle via the conjoint tendon, also known as the falx inguinalis lower intercostal nerves, iliohypogastric nerve and the ilioinguinal nerve compress the ribs and viscera, providing thoracic and pelvic stability
rectus abdominis pubis Costal cartilage of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process of sternum inferior epigastric artery segmentally by thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7 to T12) flexion of trunk/lumbar vertebrae Erector spinae
pyramidalis pubic symphysis and pubic crest linea alba Subcostal nerve (T12) tensing the linea alba
cremaster inguinal ligament Cremasteric artery genital branch of genitofemoral nerve raise and lower the scrotum
quadratus lumborum iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament Last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae Lumbar arteries, Iliolumbar artery The twelfth thoracic and first through fourth lumbar nerves Alone, lateral flexion of vertebral column ; Together, depression of thoracic rib cage
Pelvis
levator ani :
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
iliococcygeus ischial spine and from the posterior part of the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia coccyx and anococcygeal raphé supports the viscera in pelvic cavity
pubococcygeus back of the pubis and from the anterior part of the obturator fascia coccyx and sacrum controls urine flow and contracts during orgasm
puborectalis lower part of the symphysis pubis S3, S4. levator ani nerve [2] inhibit defecation
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
coccygeus Sacrospinous ligament a branch from the fourth and fifth sacral nerves closing in the back part of the outlet of the pelvis
sphincter ani:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
externus branch from the fourth sacral and twigs from the inferior hemorrhoidal branch of the pudendal nerve keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces
internus pudendal nerve keep the anal canal and anus closed, aids in the expulsion of the feces
superficial perineal pouch:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
transversus perinei superficialis anterior part of ischial tuberosity central point of perineum pudendal nerve
bulbospongiosus Median raphé Perineal artery pudendal nerve in males, empties the urethra ; in females, clenches the vagina
ischiocavernosus Perineal artery pudendal nerve assists the bulbospongiosus muscle
deep perineal pouch:
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
transversus perinei profundus inferior rami of the ischium its fellow of the opposite side pudendal nerve
sphincter urethrae membranaceae junction of the inferior rami of the pubis and ischium to the extent of 1.25 to 2 cm., and from the neighboring fasciæ its fellow of the opposite side perineal branch of the pudendal nerve (S2,3,4) Constricts urethra, maintain urinary continence
Muscles of upper limbs
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
trapezius down the midline, from the external occipital protuberance, the nuchal ligament, the medial part of the superior nuchal line , and the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7-T12 at the shoulders, into the lateral third of the clavicle , the acromion process, and into the spine of the scapula major nerve supply is the cranial nerve XI . Cervical nerves C3 and C4 receive information about pain in this muscle retraction of scapula Serratus anterior muscle
latissimus dorsi spinous processes of thoracic T6 -T12 , thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery thoracodorsal nerve pulls the forelimb dorsally and caudally deltoid , trapezius
rhomboids nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae medial border of the scapula dorsal scapular artery dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. Serratus anterior muscle
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
rhomboid major spinous processes of the T2 to T5 vertebrae medial border of the scapula, inferior to the insertion of rhomboid minor muscle dorsal scapular artery dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. Serratus anterior muscle
rhomboid minor nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae medial border of the scapula, superior to the insertion of rhomboid major muscle dorsal scapular artery dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. Serratus anterior muscle
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
levator scapulae Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 - C4 vertebrae Superior part of medial border of scapula dorsal scapular artery cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
pectoralis major anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle .Sternocostal head : anterior surface of the sternum , the superior six costal cartilages intertubercular groove of the humerus pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve Clavicular head : C5 and C6Sternocostal head : C7, C8 and T1 Clavicular head : flexes the humerus Sternocostal head : extends the humerushumerus . It also draws the scapula anteriorly and inferiorly.
pectoralis minor 3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilages medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk Medial pectoral nerves (C8, T1) stabilizes the scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall
subclavius first rib subclavian groove of clavicle thoracoacromial artery , clavicular branch nerve to subclavius depression of clavicle
serratus anterior fleshy slips from the outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs costal aspect of medial margin of the scapula lateral thoracic artery (upper part), thoracodorsal artery (lower part) long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, 6, 7) protract and stabilize scapula , assists in upward rotation Rhomboid major , Rhomboid minor , Trapezius
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
deltoid clavicle , acromion, [[spine of the scapula] deltoid tuberosity of humerus primarily posterior circumflex humeral artery Axillary nerve shoulder abduction, flexion and extension Latissimus dorsi
teres major posterior aspect of the inferior angle of the scapula medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries Lower subscapular nerve (segmental levels C5 and C6) Internal rotation of the humerus
Rotator cuff : Various aspects of scapula greater tubercle of humerus, except subscapularis, which inserts on lesser tubercle of humerus. lateral rotation (Infraspinatus teres minor), medial rotation (subscapularis), abduction (supraspinatus) [3]
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
supraspinatus supraspinous fossa of scapula superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus suprascapular artery suprascapular nerve abduction of arm and stabilizes humerus
infraspinatus infraspinous fossa of the scapula middle facet of greater tubercle of the humerus suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries suprascapular nerve Lateral rotation of arm & Adduction of arm and stabilizes humerus
teres minor lateral border of the scapula inferior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus lateral circumflex humeral artery and the circumflex scapular artery axillary nerve laterally rotates and adducts the arm
subscapularis subscapular fossa lesser tubercle of humerus subscapular artery upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6) rotates medially humerus ; stabilizes shoulder
Anterior compartment
Posterior compartment
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
triceps brachii long head: scapula lateral head: posterior humerus medial head: posterior humerus olecranon process of ulna deep brachial artery radial nerve extends forearm , caput longum adducts shoulder Biceps brachii muscle
anconeus lateral epicondyle of the humerus lateral surface of the olecranon process and the superior part of the posterior ulna deep brachial artery, recurrent interosseous artery radial nerve (C7, C8, and T1) partly blended in with the triceps, which it assists in extension of the forearm . Stabilises the elbow and abducts the ulna during pronation.
Anterior compartment
Superficial
Deep
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
pronator quadratus medial, anterior surface of the ulna lateral, anterior surface of the radius anterior interosseous artery median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve) pronates the forearm Supinator muscle
flexor digitorum profundus ulna distal phalanges anterior interosseous artery median (anterior interosseous), muscular branches of ulnar flex hand, interphalangeal joints Extensor digitorum muscle
flexor pollicis longus The middle 2/4 of the volar surface of the radius and the adjacent interosseus membrane. (Also occasionally a small origin slightly on the medial epicondyle of the ulna .) The base of the distal phalanx of the thumb Anterior interosseus artery Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve ) (C8 , T1) Flexion of the thumb Extensor pollicis longus muscle, Extensor pollicis brevis muscle
Posterior compartment
Superficial
Deep
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
supinator Lateral epicondyle of humerus , supinator crest of ulna , radial collateral ligament, annular ligament Lateral proximal radial shaft radial recurrent artery posterior interosseous nerve (C7, 8) supinates forearm Pronator teres, Pronator quadratus
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
abductor pollicis longus ulna , radial styloid process first metacarpal posterior interosseous nerve (C7, 8) abduction, extension of thumb Adductor pollicis muscle
extensor pollicis brevis radius thumb , proximal phalanx posterior interosseous artery posterior interosseous nerve (C7, 8) extension of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint Flexor pollicis longus muscle, Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
extensor pollicis longus ulna thumb , distal phalanx posterior interosseous nerve (C7, 8) extension of the thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) Flexor pollicis longus muscle, Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
Lateral volar
Medial volar
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
palmaris brevis flexor retinaculum (medial), palmar aponeurosis palm superficial branch of ulnar nerve wrinkle skin of palm
Hypothenar :
Intermediate
Muscles of lower limb
ILIAC REGION
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
Iliopsoas iliac fossa (iliacus, sacrum (iliacus), spine (T12-L5) & intervertebral discs (psoas major, psoas minor) [4] femur - lesser trochanter (psoas major/minor), shaft below lesser trochanter (iliacus), tendon of psoas major & femur (iliacus) [4] medial femoral circumflex artery, iliolumbar artery femoral nerve , Lumbar nerves L1, L2 flexion of hip (psoas major/minor, liacus), spine rotation (psoas major/minor) Gluteus maximus , posterior compartment of thigh
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
gluteals :
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
gluteus maximus muscle Gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum , sacrotuberous ligament Gluteal tuberosity of the femur , iliotibial tract superior and inferior gluteal arteries inferior gluteal nerve (L5, [[sacral segment|S1, S2 nerve roots) external rotation and extension of the hip joint, supports the extended knee through the iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting Iliacus, Psoas major, Psoas minor
gluteus medius muscle Gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus Greater trochanter of the femur superior gluteal artery superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) abduction of the hip ; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh . lateral rotator group
minimus Gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius. Greater trochanter of the femur superior gluteal artery superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) Works in concert with gluteus medius: abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh. lateral rotator group
tensor fasciae latae iliac crest iliotibial tract primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, Superior gluteal artery Superior gluteal nerve (L4-L5) Thigh - flexion , medial rotation. Trunk stabilization.
lateral rotator group: at or below the acetabulum of the ilium on or near the greater trochanter of the femur Inferior gluteal artery, Lateral sacral artery, Superior gluteal artery Obturator nerve, nerve to the Piriformis, nerve to quadratus femoris lateral rotation of hip Gluteus minimus muscle, Gluteus medius muscle
piriformis sacrum greater trochanter Inferior gluteal artery , Lateral sacral artery, Superior gluteal artery nerve to the Piriformis (L5, S1, and S2 nerve roots) rotate laterally (outward) the thigh
obturator externus obturator foramen and obturatory membrane medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur obturator artery posterior branch of obturator nerve (third and fourth lumbar nerves) adduct thigh , rotate laterally thigh
obturator internus Ischiopubic ramus & obturator membrane medial aspect of the Greater trochanter Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S2) Abducts & rotates laterally thigh , and stabiliser of the hip during walking
inferior gemellus Ischial tuberosity Obturator internus tendon Nerve to Quadratus femoris (L4-S1) Rotates laterally thigh
superior gemellus spine of the ischium Obturator internus tendon Sacral plexus (S1, S2, S3) Rotates laterally thigh
quadratus femoris Ischial tuberosity Intertrochanteric crest Inferior gluteal artery Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4-S1) lateral rotation of thigh
anterior compartment
posterior compartment/hamstring
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
biceps femoris tuberosity of the ischium, linea aspera , femur the head of the fibula which articulates with the back of the lateral tibial condyle inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal artery long head: tibial nerve , short head: common peroneal nerve flexes knee joint , laterally rotates knee joint (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only) Quadriceps muscle
semitendinosus tuberosity of the ischium pes anserinus inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries sciatic (tibial , L5, S1, S2) flex knee , extend hip joint Quadriceps muscle
semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity Medial surface of tibia profunda femoris , gluteal artery sciatic nerve Hip extension, Knee flexion Quadriceps muscle
medial compartment
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
adductor muscles of the hip pubis femur , tibia obturator nerve adduction of hip
anterior compartment
posterior compartment
Superficial
Deep
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
popliteus middle facet of the lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle posterior tibia under the tibial condyles popliteal artery tibial nerve Medial rotation and flexion of knee
tarsal tunnel:
lateral compartment
fibularis muscles :
Dorsal
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
extensor digitorum brevis calcaneus toes peroneal nerve extends digits 2, 3, and 4 Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis brevis calcaneus deep peroneal nerve Extension of hallux Flexor hallucis brevis muscle
Plantar
1st layer
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
abductor hallucis plantar nerve abducts hallux Adductor hallucis muscle
flexor digitorum brevis plantar nerve flexes lateral four toes Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor digitorum brevis
abductor digiti minimi Plantar aponeurosis Fifth toe or Phalanges lateral plantar artery lateral plantar nerve (S1,2) flex and abduct the fifth toe Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle
2nd layer
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
quadratus plantae Calcaneus Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus lateral plantar nerve (S1,2) Assists Flexor Digitorum Longus in flexion of DIP joints
lumbrical muscle plantar nerve
3rd layer
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
flexor hallucis brevis medial plantar nerve flex hallux Extensor hallucis longus muscle
adductor hallucis plantar nerve adducts hallux Abductor hallucis muscle
flexor digiti minimi brevis fifth metatarsal bone phalanx of the fifth toe plantar nerve extend and adduct the fifth toe Abductor digiti minimi muscle
4th layer
Muscle Origin Insertion Artery Nerve Action Antagonist
dorsal interossei plantar nerve abduct toes Plantar interossei muscles
plantar interossei metatarsals proximal phalanges plantar nerve adduct toes Dorsal interossei of the foot
Summary
List of muscles of head and neck : the head scalp /eyelid occipitofrontalis (occipitalis, frontalis) - orbicularis oculi - corrugator supercilii - depressor supercilii extraocular levator palpebrae superioris - superior tarsal - rectus (superior, inferior, medial, lateral) - oblique (superior , inferior ) intraocular ciliary - iris dilator - iris sphincter ear auriculares - temporoparietalis - stapedius - tensor tympaninose procerus - nasalis (dilatator naris) - depressor septi nasi - levator labii superioris alaeque nasi mouth levator anguli oris/depressor anguli oris - levator labii superioris/depressor labii inferioris - zygomaticus (major, minor) - mentalis - buccinator - orbicularis oris - risorius mastication masseter - temporalis - pterygoid (lateral, medial) tongue extrinsic (genioglossus, hyoglossus, chondroglossus, styloglossus) - intrinsic (superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transversus, verticalis)soft palate levator veli palatini - tensor veli palatini - musculus uvulae - palatoglossus - palatopharyngeus pharynx pharyngeal constrictor (inferior, middle, superior) - stylopharyngeus - salpingopharyngeuslarynx cricothyroid - cricoarytenoid (posterior, lateral) - arytenoid - thyroarytenoid
List of muscles of head and neck : the neck CERVICAL platysma - sternocleidomastoid SUPRAHYOID digastric - stylohyoid - mylohyoid - geniohyoidINFRAHYOID/STRAP sternohyoid - sternothyroid - thyrohyoid - omohyoid VERTEBRAL — ANTERIOR longus colli - longus capitis - rectus capitis anterior - rectus capitis lateralisLATERAL scalene (anterior - medius - posterior)
List of muscles of torsoBACK splenius (capitis, cervicis) - erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis) - latissimus dorsi transversospinales: (semispinalis dorsi, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis, multifidus, rotatores) - interspinales - intertransversariiSUBOCCIPITAL rectus capitis posterior (major, minor) - obliquus capitis (inferior, superior )CHEST intercostales (external, internal, innermost) - subcostales - transversus thoracis - levatores costarum - serratus posterior (inferior, superior) - diaphragm ABDOMEN anterior/lateral wall: obliques (external , internal ) - transversus abdominis - rectus abdominis - pyramidalis
posterior wall: quadratus lumborum - psoas major/psoas minor - iliacus
cremaster PELVIS/FLOOR levator ani (iliococcygeus , pubococcygeus, puborectalis) - coccygeus PERINEUM anal triangle: sphincter ani (externus, internus)
superficial perineal pouch (superficial transverse perineal, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus)
deep perineal pouch (deep transverse perineal, sphincter urethrae membranaceae )
List of muscles of upper limbsVERTEBRAL COLUMN trapezius - latissimus dorsi - rhomboid (major , minor ) - levator scapulaeTHORACIC WALLS pectoralis major - pectoralis minor - subclavius - serratus anterior SHOULDER deltoid - rotator cuff (supraspinatus , infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) - teres majorARM anterior compartment: coracobrachialis - biceps brachii - brachialis posterior compartment: triceps brachii - anconeus FOREARM anterior compartment: super. - pronator teres - palmaris longus - flexor carpi radialis - flexor carpi ulnaris - flexor digitorum superficialis - deep - pronator quadratus - flexor digitorum profundus - flexor pollicis longus posterior compartment: super. - mobile wad (brachioradialis , extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis ) - extensor digitorum, - extensor digiti minimi - extensor carpi ulnaris - deep - supinator - anatomical snuff box (abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus) - extensor indicis HAND lateral volar - thenar (opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis )medial volar - palmaris brevis - hypothenar (abductor minimi digiti, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi)
intermediate - lumbrical - dorsal interossei - palmar interossei
List of muscles of lower limbs ILIAC REGION/ILIOPSOAS psoas major/psoas minor - iliacus BUTTOCKS gluteals :maximus , medius, minimus) - tensor fasciae lataelateral rotator group: piriformis - obturator externus/obturator internus - inferior gemellus/superior gemellus - quadratus femorisTHIGH anterior compartment: sartorius - quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis) - articularis genu
posterior compartment/hamstring : biceps femoris - semitendinosus, semimembranosus
medial compartment: gracilis - pectineus - adductor (brevis, longus, magnus )LEG anterior compartment: tibialis anterior - extensor hallucis longus - extensor digitorum longus - fibularis tertius
posterior compartment: superficial - calf/triceps surae (gastrocnemius , soleus ) - plantaris - deep - popliteus - tarsal tunnel (flexor hallucis longus , flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior )
lateral compartment: fibularis muscles (longus , brevis)FOOT dorsal - extensor digitorum brevis - extensor hallucis brevisplantar - 1st layer (abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi ) - 2nd layer (quadratus plantae, lumbrical muscle) - 3rd layer (flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis - flexor digiti minimi brevis) - 4th layer (dorsal interossei, plantar interossei)
Sources
http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/GrossAnatomy/dissector/muscles/muscles.html
http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/
http://www.rad.washington.edu/atlas2/
