List of subjects in Gray's Anatomy: XII. Surface anatomy and Surface Markings

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surface anatomy of the head and neck (Gray's s279)

Gray's page #1287

• Bones
  • external occipital protuberance
  • superior nuchal line
  • median nuchal crest
  • mastoid process

Gray's page #1288

• Bones
  • transverse process of the atlas
  • zygomatic arch
  • superior temporal line
  • parietal eminences
  • frontal eminences
  • superciliary arches
  • glabella
  • nasion (frontonasal suture)
  • nasal bones
  • orbital margin
  • supraorbital notch
  • zygomatic bone
  • zygomatic tubercle
  • zygomaticofrontal suture
  • mandible
  • hyoid bone

• Joints and Muscles
  • temporomandibular articulation

Gray's page #1289

• Joints and Muscles
  • Orbicularis oculi
  • Procerus
  • labial muscles
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Platysma
  • Sternocleidomastoideus

Gray's page #1290

• Joints and Muscles
  • Sternohyoideus
  • Sternothyreoideus
  • Digastricus
  • Trapezius
  • supraclavicular fossa
  • Omohyoideus

• Arteries
  • subclavian artery
  • transverse cervical
  • common and external carotid arteries
  • external maxillary artery
  • occipital artery
  • posterior auricular
  • superficial temporal artery
  • supraorbital artery

surface markings of special regions of the head and neck (Gray's s280)

Gray's page #1291

• Preauricular lymph glands: point
• bones of cranium
• Reid’s base line

Gray's page #1292

• Brain
• brain
• cerebellum
• cerebral hemisphere

Gray's page #1293

• fissures of brain

Gray's page #1294

• Face
• Meningeal artery
• maxillary artery
• frontal sinus
• ventricle of brain
• maxillary sinus
• middle meningeal artery
• transverse sinus

Gray's page #1295

• Parotid duct
• parotid duct
• gland
• trigeminal nerve
• Trigeminal impression

Gray's page #1296

• nose
• mouth
  • philtrum
  • frenulum

Gray's page #1297

• palatine arches
• tongue

Gray's page #1298

• tonsil

Gray's page #1299

• Eyelids
• caruncula lacrimalis
• eye
• lacrimal puncta
• sac
• larynx
• nasal part of pharynx
• nasolacrimal duct
• palpebral fissure
• plica semilunaris
• pupil

Gray's page #1300

• ear
• membrane

Gray's page #1301

• Larynx
• hyoid bone
• neck
• trachea
• tympanic antrum

Gray's page #1302

• Carotid arch
• Carotid arch
• common carotid artery
• external carotid artery

surface anatomy of the back (Gray's s281)

Gray's page #1303

• Subclavian arteries: marking of:
• accessory nerve
• back
• plexus
• cervical cutaneous nerve
• facial nerve
• great auricular nerve
• veins
• lesser occipital nerve
• phrenic nerve
• subclavian artery
• submaxillary gland
• supraclavicular nerves
• vertebral column

surface markings of the back (Gray's s282)

Gray's page #1305

• Vertebral arch: surface form of:

Gray's page #1306

• medulla spinalis
• subdural and subarachnoid cavities

surface anatomy of the thorax (Gray's s283)

Gray's page #1307

• Bones
  • ribs
  • sternum
  • jugular notch
  • sternal angle
  • infrasternal notch
  • xiphoid process

• Muscles
  • triangle of ausculation

• Mamma
  • mammary papilla

surface markings of the thorax (Gray's s284)

Gray's page #1308

• Bony Landmarks

Gray's page #1309

• Diaphragm

• Surface Lines
  • midsternal line
  • mammary line
  • midclavicular line
  • lateral sternal line
  • parasternal line
  • anterior axillary line
  • posterior axillary line
  • midaxillary line
  • scapular line

• Pleurae

Gray's page #1310

• Lungs
  • anterior borders

Gray's page #1311

• Lungs
  • lower border
  • posterior borders
  • oblique fissure
  • horizontal fissure

• Trachea

• Esophagus

• Heart
  • coronary sulcus
  • anterior longitudinal sulcus
  • pulmonary orifice
  • aortic orifice
  • left atrioventricular opening
  • right atrioventricular opening

Gray's page #1312

• Arteries
  • ascending aorta
  • aortic arch
  • innominate artery
  • left common carotid artery
  • internal mammary artery

• Veins
  • right innominate vein
  • left innominate vein
  • superior vena cava
  • inferior vena cava

surface anatomy of the abdomen (Gray's s285)

Gray's page #1313

• Skin
  • iliac furrow
  • fold of the groin
  • striae gravidarum or striae albicantes
  • linea nigra

• Bones

• Muscles
  • Obliquus externus
  • lumbar triangle
  • Rectus abdominis
  • linea semilunaris
  • tendinous inscriptions

• Vessels
  • abdominal aorta

• Viscera
  • digestive tube

Gray's page #1314

• Viscera
  • liver

Gray's page #1315

• Viscera
  • pancreas
  • kidneys

surface markings of the abdomen (Gray's s286)

Gray's page #1315

• Muscles
  • Rectus
  • Obliquus externus
  • umbilicus
  • subcutaneous inguinal ring
  • abdominal inguinal ring
  • inguinal canal

• surface lines
  • transpyloric line
  • transtubercular line

Gray's page #1316

• surface lines
  • zones
    • subcostal zone
    • umbilical zone
    • hypogastric zone
  • regions
    • epigastric region
    • right and left hypochondriac region
    • umbilical region
    • right and left lumbar region
    • hypogastric region or pubic region
    • right and left iliac region or inguinal region

Gray's page #1317

• stomach

Gray's page #1319

• stomach
  • space of Traube

• Duodenum

• Small intestine
  • ileocolic junction

• Cecum and Vermiform Process
  • cecum
  • vermiform process

• Ascending colon
  • right colic flexure

• Transverse colon

Gray's page #1320

• Descending colon
  • left colic flexure
• Iliac colon
• Liver
  • gall-bladder
• Pancreas
• Spleen
• Kidneys

Gray's page #1321

• Ureters

• Vessels
  • inferior epigastric artery
  • Hesselbach's triangle
  • abdominal aorta

Gray's page #1322

• Vessels
  • common iliac artery
  • external iliac artery
  • celiac artery
  • superior mesenteric artery
  • renal arteries
  • inferior mesenteric artery

surface anatomy of the perineum (Gray's s287)

surface markings of the perineum (Gray's s288)

Gray's page #1322

• Rectum and Anal Canal

Gray's page #1323

• Male Urogenital Organs
  • corpora cavernosa penis
  • glans penis
  • scrotum
  • testis
  • epididymis
  • spermatic cord
  • trigone
  • torus uretericus
  • plicae uretericae
  • ureters
  • urethra
• Female Urogenital Organs
  • pudendal cleft
  • vagina
  • urethra
  • hymen
  • fossa navicularis
  • greater vestibular gland (Bartholin’s)

Gray's page #1325

• Female Urogenital Organs
  • anal canal
  • rectum
  • rectouterine excavation
  • vaginal fornices
  • cervix
  • body of the uterus
  • uterine tubes
  • ovaries
  • vestibule
  • glans
  • prepuce of the clitoris
  • mons pubis

surface anatomy of the upper extremity (Gray's s289)

Gray's page #1325

• Skin

Gray's page #1326

• Bones
  • clavicle
  • scapula
  • humerus
  • ulna

Gray's page #1327

• bones
  • radius
  • navicular
  • greater multangular
  • pisiform
  • hamate bone
  • triangular bone
  • metacarpal bones
  • phalanges

Gray's page #1328

• Articulations
  • sternoclavicular joint
  • acromioclavicular joint
  • shoulder-joint
  • elbow-joint
  • radiohumeral joint
  • proximal radioulnar joint
  • distal radioulnar joint
  • wrist-joint
  • midcarpal articulation
  • metacarpophalangeal joint
  • interphalangeal joint
• Muscles
  • Trapezius
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Pectoralis major
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Serratus anterior

Gray's page #1329

• Muscles
  • Deltoideus
  • Teres major
  • Coracobrachialis
  • Biceps brachii

Gray's page #1330

• Muscles
  • Brachialis
  • Triceps brachii
  • Pronator teres
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris longus
  • Flexor digitorum sublimis
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
  • Brachioradialis
  • Extensores carpi radiales longus and brevis
  • Extensor digitorum communis, Extensor digiti quinti proprius, and the Extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Brachioradialis
  • Anconæus
  • Abductor pollicis longus
  • Extensor pollicis brevis

Gray's page #1331

• Muscles
  • Palmaris brevis
  • Interossei dorsales
• Arteries
  • subclavian artery
  • axillary artery
  • brachial artery
  • radial artery
• Veins
• Nerves
  • brachial plexus
  • ulnar nerve

surface markings of the upper extremity (Gray's s290)

Gray's page #1331

• Bony Landmarks
• Articulations
  • acromioclavicular joint
  • elbow-joint
  • wrist-joint

Gray's page #1332

• Muscles
  • Trapezius

Gray's page #1333

• Muscles
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Pectoralis major
  • Pectoralis minor

Gray's page #1334

• anticubital fossa
• Mucous Sheaths
• Arteries
  • axillary artery
  • thoracoacromial artery
  • lateral thoracic artery
  • subscapular artery

Gray's page #1335

• Arteries
  • scapular circumflex artery
  • humeral circumflex artery
  • brachial artery
  • profunda artery
  • nutrient artery
  • superior ulnar collateral artery
  • inferior ulnar collateral artery
  • radial artery
  • ulnar artery
  • superficial volar arch
  • deep volar arch

• Nerves
  • median nerve
  • ulnar nerve

Gray's page #1336

• Nerves
  • radial nerve
  • superficial radial nerve
  • axillary nerve

surface anatomy of the lower extremity (Gray's s291)

Gray's page #1336

• Skin
  • gluteal fold

• Bones
  • hip bones
  • femur

Gray's page #1337

• Bones
  • patella
  • tibia
  • fibula
  • talus
  • calcaneus
  • navicular
  • first metatarsal bone
  • fifth metatarsal bone
  • metatarsal bones

Gray's page #1338

• Bones
  • phalanges

• Articulations
  • hip-joint
  • knee-joint
  • ankle-joint

• Muscles
  • Tensor fasciæ latæ
  • Sartorius
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Adductor longus

Gray's page #1339

• Muscles
  • Adductor magnus
  • Gracilis
  • Glutæus maximus
  • Biceps femoris

Gray's page #1340

• Muscles
  • Semimembranosus
  • Semitendinosus
  • Tibialis anterior
  • Peronæus longus
  • Peronæus brevis
  • Extensor digitorum brevis
  • Interossei dorsales
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
  • Tibialis posterior
  • Abductor digiti quinti
  • Abductor hallucis

Gray's page #1341

• Muscles
  • Flexor digitorum brevis

• Arteries
  • femoral artery
  • popliteal artery
  • anterior tibial artery
  • dorsalis pedis

Gray's page #1342

• Arteries
  • posterior tibial artery

• Veins

• Nerves
  • common peroneal nerve

surface markings of the lower extremity (Gray's s292)

Gray's page #1342

• Bony Landmarks
  • Nélaton's line

Gray's page #1345

• Bony Landmarks
  • Bryant's triangle

• Articulations
  • sacroiliac articulations
  • knee-joint
  • ankle-joint
  • talonavicular joint
  • calcaneocuboid joint
  • talonavicular joint
  • fifth tarsometatarsal joint
  • fourth and third tarsometatarsal joints
  • first tarsometatarsal joint
  • second tarsometatarsal joint
  • metatarsophalangeal joints

• Muscles
  • femoral triangle
  • adductor canal
  • popliteal fossa

• Mucous Sheaths
• arteries
  • superior gluteal artery
  • inferior gluteal artery and internal pudendal artery

Gray's page #1346

• arteries
  • femoral artery
  • profunda femoris
  • popliteal artery
  • anterior tibial artery
  • dorsalis pedis artery
  • posterior tibial artery
  • peroneal artery
  • medial plantar artery and lateral plantar artery
  • plantar arch

• Veins
  • great saphenous vein
  • small saphenous vein

• Nerves
  • sciatic nerve
  • tibial nerve
  • common peroneal nerve
  • deep peroneal nerve
  • tibial nerve

See also

• List of images and subjects in Gray's Anatomy
• List of images in Gray's Anatomy: XII. Surface anatomy and Surface Markings