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Melanocortin receptor



Melanocortin receptors are members of the rhodopsin family of 7-transmembrane, G-protein coupled receptors.

There are five members of the melanocortin receptor system[1] each with differing specificities for melanocortins:

  • MC1R. Mc1r is associated with pigmentation genetics.
  • MC2R. It is also known as the ACTH receptor or corticotropin receptor because it is specific for ACTH alone.
  • MC3R
  • MC4R. Defects in MC4R are a cause of autosomal dominant obesity, accounting for 6% of all cases of early-onset obesity.[2]
  • MC5R

These receptors are inhibited by endogenous antagonists agouti signaling protein and agouti-related protein[3] and activated by endogenous agonist melanocyte-stimulating hormone.[4]

References

  1. ^ http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/bodyweight/melanocortins.html
  2. ^ Farooqi IS, Keogh JM, Yeo GS, Lank EJ, Cheetham T, O'Rahilly S (2003). "Clinical spectrum of obesity and mutations in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene". N. Engl. J. Med. 348 (12): 1085-95. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa022050. PMID 12646665.
  3. ^ Chai B, Pogozheva I, Lai Y, Li J, Neubig R, Mosberg H, Gantz I (2005). "Receptor-antagonist interactions in the complexes of agouti and agouti-related protein with human melanocortin 1 and 4 receptors". Biochemistry 44 (9): 3418-31. PMID 15736952.
  4. ^ Pogozheva I, Chai B, Lomize A, Fong T, Weinberg D, Nargund R, Mulholland M, Gantz I, Mosberg H (2005). "Interactions of human melanocortin 4 receptor with nonpeptide and peptide agonists". Biochemistry 44 (34): 11329-41. PMID 16114870.
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Melanocortin_receptor". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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