Congenital anomalies of the genitalia

Congenital anomaly of the genitalia is a medical term referring to any physical abnormality of the male or female internal or external genitalia present at birth. This is a broad category of conditions, some common and some rare.

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Causes

Some result from excessive or deficient androgen effect, others result from teratogenic effects, or are associated with anomalies of other parts of the body in a recognizable pattern (i.e., a syndrome). The cause of many of these birth defects is unknown. Some simply represent the extremes of the normal range of size for body parts.

Examples

• ambiguous genitalia
• undescended testes
• hypospadias
• chordee
• micropenis
• clitoromegaly
• aphallia
• diphallia
• cloacal exstrophy
• bladder exstrophy
• imperforate hymen
• mullerian agenesis