Linker of Activated T cells

Linker of Activated T cells (LAT) is a transmembrane adapter protein associated with glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains (GEMs)^[1].

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LAT was described in the early 1990s as a phosphoprotein of 36–38 kDa (pp. 36–38) rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues following TCR ligation^[2]. Cloning of the gene revealed that the protein product is a type III (leaderless) transmembrane protein of 262 aminoacids (long form) or 233 aminoacids (short form) in humans, 242 aminoacids in mouse, and 241 aminoacids in rat ^[3][4].

References

1. ^ Transmembrane adaptor proteins in membrane microdomains: important regulators of immunoreceptor signaling. Horejsi V. Immunol Lett. 2004 Mar 29;92(1-2):43-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2003.10.013
2. ^ M. Sieh, A. Batzer, J. Schlessinger and A. Weiss, GRB2 and phospholipase C-g 1 associate with a 36- to 38-kilodalton phosphotyrosine protein after T-cell receptor stimulation. Mol Cell Biol 14 (1994), pp. 4435–4442.
3. ^ W. Zhang, J. Sloan-Lancaster, J. Kitchen, R.P. Trible and L.E. Samelson, LAT: the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation. Cell 92 (1998), pp. 83–92.
4. ^ J.R. Weber, S. Orstavik, K.M. Torgersen, N.C. Danbolt, S.F. Berg, J.C. Ryan et al., Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding pp36, a tyrosine-phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells. J Exp Med 187 (1998), pp. 1157–1161.