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Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane



Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
IUPAC name 1-chloro-4-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-
chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Identifiers
Abbreviations DDD
CAS number 72-54-8
PubChem 6294
EINECS number 200-783-0
MeSH DDD
SMILES ClC(Cl)C(c1ccc(Cl)cc1)c1ccc(Cl)cc1
InChI InChI=1/C14H10Cl4/c15-11-5-1-9(2-6-
11)13(14(17)18)10-3-7-12(16)8-4-
10/h1-8,13-14H
Beilstein Reference 4-05-00-01884
Properties
Molecular formula C14H10Cl4
Molar mass 320.04
Appearance Colorless and crystalline
Melting point

109.5°C (229.1°F)

Boiling point

350°C (662°F)

Solubility in water 0.09 mg/L
log P 6.02 (octanol-water)
Vapor pressure 1.35×10−6 mm Hg
kH 6.6×10−6 atm ∙ m³/mol
Atmospheric OH rate constant 4.34×10−12 cm³/molecule ∙ s
Pharmacology
Elimination
half-life
4 days in air; 160 days in anaerobic soil; when in water (hydrolysis), depends on various factors (one or more decades in rivers and lakes, 190 years at 27°C and pH 3–5)[1]
Related Compounds
Related compounds DDE, DDT, mitotane, perthane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) is an organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin.[2] DDD is a metabolite of DDT.[3] DDD is colorless and crystalline[4]; it is closely related chemically and is similar in properties to DDT, but it is considered to be less toxic to animals than is DDT.[5] The molecular formula for DDD is (ClC6H4)2CHCHCl2 or C14H10Cl4, whereas the formula for DDT is (ClC6H4)2CHCCl3 or C14H9Cl5.

DDD is in the “Group B2” classification, meaning that it is a probable human carcinogen. This is based on an increased incidence of lung tumors in male and female mice, liver tumors in male mice, and thyroid tumors in male rats. Further basis is that DDD is so similar to and is a metabolite of DDT, another probable human carcinogen.[3]

DDD is no longer registered for agricultural use in the United States, but the general population continues to be exposed to it due to its long persistence time. The primary source of exposure is oral ingestion of food.[1]

1946 is the date of the earliest recorded use in English of the abbreviation “DDD” to stand for dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, as far as could be determined.[4]

Table of names

The following are synonyms for DDD:

Systematic Names Superlist Names Other Names
Benzene, 1,1'-(2,2-
dichloroethylidene)
bis(4-chloro- (9CI)
4,4'-DDD 1,1'-(2,2-Dichloroethylidene)bis
(4-chlorobenzene)
Ethane, 1,1-
dichloro-2,2-bis(p-
chlorophenyl)-
Benzene, 1,1'-(2,2-
dichloroethylidene)bis(4-chloro-
1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-
dichloroethane
TDE DDD 1,1-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-
dichloroethane
p,p'-TDE DDD, p,p'- 1,1-Dichloor-2,2-bis(4-chloor fenyl)-ethaan (Dutch)
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane 1,1-Dichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-
phenyl)-aethan (German)
RCRA waste number U060 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4-
chlorophenyl)-ethane (French)
TDE 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4-
chlorophenyl)ethane
Tetrachlorodiphenylethane 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-
chlorophenyl)ethane
p,p'-TDE 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis
(parachlorophenyl)ethane
1,1-Dichloro-2,2-di(4-
chlorophenyl)ethane
1,1-Dicloro-2,2-bis(4-cloro-fenil)-
etano (Italian)
2,2-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-
dichloroethane
2,2-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-
dichloroethane
4,4' DDD
4,4-DDD
4,4'-
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
4-05-00-01884 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
AI3-04225
Benzene, 1,1'-(2,2-
dichloroethylidene)bis[4-chloro-
BRN 1914072
CCRIS 573
Caswell No. 307
DDD analogue
DDD in whole water sample
Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane
Dichlorodiphenyldichlorethane
Dilene
EINECS 200-783-0
ENT 4,225
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 029101
Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-
chlorophenyl)-
HEPT
HSDB 285
ME-1700
Me-700
NCI-C00475
NSC 8941
OMS 1078
para-para DDD
para,para'-DDD
para,para'-
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
p,p-DDD
p,p'-DDD
p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyl-2,2-dichloroethylene
p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
Rhothane
Rhothane D-3
Rothane
Rothane WP-50

References

  • “Chemicals: Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane.” The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory. 11 Apr. 2007 .
  • “Data From SRC PhysProp Database.” SRC PhysProp Database. Syracuse Research Corporation. 11 Apr. 2007 .
  • “DDD.” Hazardous Substances Data Bank. United States National Library of Medicine. 25 Apr. 2007 .
  • “DDD—RN: 72-54-8.” ChemIDplus Lite Record. 9 Sept. 2004. United States National Library of Medicine Specialized Information Services. 11 Apr. 2007 .
  • Guralnik, David B., Editor in Chief. “DDD.” Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language. Second College Edition. New York, NY: Prentice Hall Press, 1986. ISBN 0-671-41809-2 (indexed), ISBN 0-671-41807-6 (plain edge), ISBN 0-671-41811-4 (pbk.), and ISBN 0-671-47035-3 (LeatherKraft).
  • Mish, Frederick C., Editor in Chief. “DDD.” Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary. 9th ed. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1985. ISBN 0-87779-508-8, ISBN 0-87779-509-6 (indexed), and ISBN 0-87779-510-X (deluxe).
  • “p,p'-DDD.” Substance Registry System. 1 Feb. 2006. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 11 Apr. 2007 .
  • “p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane (DDD) (CASRN 72-54-8).” Integrated Risk Information System. 25 Jan. 2007. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 23 Apr. 2007 .

Notes

  1. ^ a b “DDD.” Hazardous Substances Data Bank. United States National Library of Medicine. 25 Apr. 2007 .
  2. ^ Merck Index, 11th ed, p482
  3. ^ a b “p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane (DDD) (CASRN 72-54-8).” Integrated Risk Information System. 25 Jan. 2007. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 23 Apr. 2007 .
  4. ^ a b Mish, Frederick C., Editor in Chief. “DDD.” Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary. 9th ed. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1985.
  5. ^ Guralnik, David B., Editor in Chief. “DDD.” Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language. Second College Edition. New York, NY: Prentice Hall Press, 1986.
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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