Phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of potato from tuber seed
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| Code (2-digit)
| Code (3-digit)
| Description
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| Principal growth stage 0: Sprouting/Germination
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| 00 | 000 | Innate or enforced dormancy, Dry seed tuber not sprouted
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| 01 | 001 | Beginning of sprouting: Beginning of sprouts visible (< 1 mm) seed imbibition
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| 02 | 002 | Sprouts upright (< 2 mm)
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| 03 | 003 | End of dormancy: sprouts 2–3 mm Seed imbibition complete
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| 05 | 005 | Beginning of root formation Radicle (root) emerged from seed
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| 07 | 007 | Beginning of stem formation Hypocotyl with cotyledons breaking
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| 08 | 008 | Stems growing towards soil surface, Hypocotyl with formation of scale leaves in the axils cotyledons growing of which stolons will develop later towards soil surface
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| 09 | 009 | Emergence: Emergence: stems break through soil surface cotyledons break through soil surface
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| | 021–0291 |
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| Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development
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| 10 | 100 | From tuber: first leaves begin to extend
From seed: cotyledons completely unfolded
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| 11 | 101 | 1st leaf of main stem unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| 12 | 102 | 2nd leaf of main stem unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| 13 | 103 | 3rd leaf Auf main stem unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| 1 . | 10 . | Stages continuous till . . .
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| 19 | 109 | 9 or more leaves of main stem unfolded (> 4cm) (2digit);2
9 leaves of main stem unfolded (> 4 cm) (3digit)
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| | 110 | 10th leaf of main stem unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| 11 . | | Stages continuous till . . .
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| | 119 | 19.leaf of main stem unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| | 121 | First leaf of 2nd order branch above first inflorescence unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| | 122 | 2nd leaf of 2nd order branch above first inflorescence unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| 12 . | | Stages continuous till . . .
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| | 131 | First leaf of 3rd order branch above 2nd inflorescence unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| | 132 | 2nd leaf of 3rd order branch above 2nd inflorescence unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| 13 . | | Stages continuous till . . .
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| | 1NX | Xth leaf of nth order branch above n-1th inflorescence unfolded (> 4 cm)
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| Principal growth stage 2: Formation of basal side shoots below and above soil surface (main stem)
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| 21 | 201 | First basal side shoot visible (> 5 cm)
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| 22 | 202 | 2nd basal side shoot visible (> 5 cm)
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| 23 | 203 | 3rd basal side shoot visible (> 5 cm)
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| 2 . | 20 . | Stages continuous till . . .
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| 29 | 209 | 9 or more basal side shoots visible (> 5 cm)
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| Principal growth stage 3: Main stem elongation (crop cover)
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| 31 | 301 | Beginning of crop cover: 10% of plants meet between rows
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| 32 | 302 | 20% off plants meet between rows
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| 33 | 303 | 30% of plants meet between rows
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| 34 | 304 | 40% of plants meet between rows
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| 35 | 305 | 50% of plants meet between rows
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| 36 | 306 | 60% of plants meet between rows
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| 37 | 307 | 70% of plants meet between rows
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| 38 | 308 | 80% of plants meet between rows
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| 39 | 309 | Crop cover complete: about 90% of plants meet between rows
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| Principal growth stage 4: Tuber formation
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| 40 | 400 | Tuber initiation: swelling of first stolon tips to twice the diameter of subtending stolon
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| 41 | 401 | 10% of total final tuber mass reached
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| 42 | 402 | 20% of total final tuber mass reached
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| 43 | 403 | 30% of total final tuber mass reached
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| 44 | 404 | 40% of total final tuber mass reached
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| 45 | 405 | 50% of total final tuber mass reached
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| 46 | 406 | 60% of total final tuber mass reached
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| 47 | 407 | 70% of total final tuber mass reached
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| 48 | 408 | Maximum of total tuber mass reached, tubers detach easily from stolons, skin set not yet complete (skin easily removable with thumb)
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| 49 | 409 | Skin set complete: (skin at apical end of tuber not removable with thumb) 95% of tubers in this stage
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| Principal growth stage 5: Inflorescence (cyme) emergence
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| 51 | 501 | First individual buds (1–2 mm) of first inflorescence visible (main stem)
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| 55 | 505 | Buds of first inflorescence extended to 5 mm
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| 59 | 509 | First flower petals of first inflorescence visible
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| | 521 | Individual buds of 2nd inflorescence visible (second order branch)
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| | 525 | Buds of 2nd inflorescence extended to 5 mm open (main stem)
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| | 529 | First flower petals of 2nd inflorescence visible above sepals
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| | 531 | Individuell buds of 3rd inflorescence visible(3rd order branch)
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| | 535 | Buds of 3rd inflorescence extended to 5 mm
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| | 539 | First flower petals of 3rd inflorescence visible above sepals
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| 5N . | | Nth inflorescence emerging
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| 60 | 600 | First open flowers in population
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| 61 | 601 | Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers in the first inflorescence open (main stem)
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| 62 | 602 | 20% of flowers in the first inflorescence open
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| 63 | 603 | 30% of flowers in the first inflorescence open
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| 64 | 604 | 40% of flowers in the first inflorescence open
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| 65 | 605 | Full flowering: 50% of flowers in the first inflorescence open
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| 66 | 606 | 60% of flowers in the first inflorescence open
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| 67 | 607 | 70% of flowers in the first inflorescence open
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| 68 | 608 | 80% of flowers in the first inflorescence open
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| 69 | 609 | End of flowering in the first inflorescence
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| Principal growth stage 6: Flowering (continuation)
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| | 621 | Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers in the 2nd inflorescence open (second order branch)
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| | 625 | Full flowering: 50% of flowers in the 2nd inflorescence open
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| | 629 | End of flowering in the 2nd inflorescence
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| | 631 | Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers in the 3rd inflorescence open (third order branch)
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| | 635 | Full flowering: 50% of flowers in the 3rd inflorescence open
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| | 639 | End of flowering in the 3rd inflorescence
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| 6N . | | Nth inflorescence flowering
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| | 6N9 | End of flowering
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| Principal growth stage 7: Development of fruit
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| 70 | 700 | First berries visible
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| 71 | 701 | 10% of berries in the first fructification have reached full size (main stem)
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| 72 | 702 | 20% of berries in the first fructification have reached full size
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| 73 | 703 | 30% of berries in the first fructification have reached full size
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| 7 . | 70 . | Stages continuous till . . .
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| | 721 | 10% of berries in the 2nd fructification have reached full size (second order branch)
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| 7N . | | Development of berries in nth fructification
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| | 7N9 | Nearly all berries in the nth fructification have reached full size (or have been shed)
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| Principal growth stage 8: Ripening of fruit and seed
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| 81 | 801 | Berries in the first fructification still green, seed light-coloured (main stem)
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| 85 | 805 | Berries in the first fructification ochre-coloured or brownish
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| 89 | 809 | Berries in the first fructification shrivelled, seed dark
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| | 821 | Berries in the 2nd fructification still green, seed light-coloured (second order branch)
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| 8N . | | Ripening of fruit and seed in nth fructification
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| Principal growth stage 9: Senescence
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| 91 | 901 | Beginning of leaf yellowing
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| 93 | 903 | Most of the leaves yellowish
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| 95 | 905 | 50% of the leaves brownish
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| 97 | 907 | Leaves and stem dead, stems bleached and dry
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| 99 | 909 | Harvested product
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