BBCH-scale (other brassica vegetables)

The BBCH-scale (other brassica vegetable) identifies the phenological development stages of other brassica vegetable (Brussels sprout = Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera, cauliflower = Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, broccoli = Brassica oleracea var. italica). It is a plant species specific version of the BBCH-scale.

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A downloadable version [1] of the BBCH Scales, including illustrations, is available from the BBA [2] (Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry)

Phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of other brassica vegetables
Code	Description
Principal growth stage 0: Germination
00	Dry seed
01	Beginning of seed imbibition
03	Seed imbibition complete
05	Radicle emerged from seed
07	Hypocotyl with cotyledons breaking through seed coat
09	Emergence: cotyledons break through soil surface
Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development (Main shoot)
10	Cotyledons completely unfolded; growing point or true leaf initial visible
11	First true leaf unfolded
12	2nd true leaf unfolded
13	3rd true leaf unfolded
1 .	Stages continuous till . . .
19	9 or more true leaves unfolded
Principal growth stage 2: Formation of side shoots
21	First side shoot visible¹
22	2nd side shoot visible¹
23	3rd side shoot visible¹
2 .	Stages continuous till . . .
29	9 or more side shoots visible¹
Principal growth stage 3: Stem elongation of rosette growth
31	Main shoot has reached 10% of the expected height typical for the variety²
32	Main shoot has reached 20% of the expected height typical for the variety²
33	Main shoot has reached 30% of the expected height typical for the variety²
34	Main shoot has reached 40% of the expected height typical for the variety²
35	Main shoot has reached 50% of the expected height typical for the variety²
36	Main shoot has reached 60% of the expected height typical for the variety²
37	Main shoot has reached 70% of the expected height typical for the variety²
38	Main shoot has reached 80% of the expected height typical for the variety²
39	Main shoot has reached the height typical for the variety²
Principal growth stage 4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts
41	Lateral buds begin to develop² Cauliflower heads begin to form;width of growing tip > 1 cm3
43	First sprouts tightly closed² 30% of the expected head diameter reached³
45	50% of the sprouts tightly closed² 50% of the expected head diameter reached³
46	60% of the sprouts tightly closed² 60% of the expected head diameter reached³
47	70% of the sprouts tightly closed² 70% of the expected head diameter reached³
48	80% of the sprouts tightly closed² 80% of the expected head diameter reached³
49	Sprouts below terminal bud tightly closed² Typical size and form reached; head tightly closed³
Principal growth stage 5: Inflorescence emergence
51	Main inflorescence visible between uppermost leaves² Branches of inflorescence begin to elongate³
55	First individual flowers visible (still closed)
59	First flower petals visible; flowers still closed
Principal growth stage 6: Flowering
60	First flowers open (sporadically)
61	Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open
62	20% of flowers open
63	30% of flowers open
64	40% of flowers open
65	Full flowering: 50% of flowers open
67	Flowering finishing: majority of petals fallen or dry
69	End of flowering
Principal growth stage 7: Development of fruit
71	First fruits formed
72	20% of fruits have reached typical size
73	30% of fruits have reached typical size
74	40% of fruits have reached typical size
75	50% of fruits have reached typical size
76	60% of fruits have reached typical size
77	70% of fruits have reached typical size
78	80% of fruits have reached typical size
79	Fruits have reached typical size
Principal growth stage 8: Ripening of fruit and seed
81	Beginning of ripening: 10% of fruits ripe
82	20% of fruits ripe
83	30% of fruits ripe
84	40% of fruits ripe
85	50% of fruits ripe
86	60% of fruits ripe
87	70% of fruits ripe
88	80% of fruits ripe
89	Fully ripe: seeds on the whole plant of typical color and hard
Principal growth stage 9: Senescence
92	Leaves and shoots beginning to discolour
95	50% of leaves yellow or dead
97	Plants dead
99	Harvested product (seeds)

1 For broccoli
2 For brussels sprout
3 For cauliflower and broccoli

References

Feller, C.; H. Bleiholder, L. Buhr, H. Hack, M. Hess, R. Klose, U. Meier, R. Stauss, T. van den Boom, E. Weber (1995). "Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Gemüsepflanzen: I. Zwiebel-, Wurzel-, Knollen- und Blattgemüse.". Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd. 47: 193-206.

Category: BBCH-scale