Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTNB, or "Transitory tachypnea of newborn") is a respiratory problem seen in the newborn shortly after delivery. It consists of a period of rapid breathing (more than the for newborns normal 40-60 times a minute). It is likely due to retained lung fluid, and common in 35+ week gestation babies who are delivered by caesarian section without labour. Usually, this condition resolves over 24-48 hours. Treatment is supportive and may include supplemental oxygen and antibiotics. The chest X-Ray shows hyperinflation of the lungs including prominent pulmonary vasular markings, flattening of the diaphragm, and fluid in the horizontal fissure.
Pathophysiology
1. Due to the higher incidence of TTN in newborns delivered by caesarean section, it has been postulated that TTN could result from a delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid from the pulmonary lymphatic system. The increased fluid in the lungs leads to increased airway resistance and reduced lung compliance.
2. Pulmonary immaturity has also been proposed as a causative factor. Levels of phosphatidylglycerol (an indicator of lung maturity) was found to be negative in certain newborns.
3. Mild surfactant deficiency has also been suggested as a causative factor.
v•d•e
Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (P, 760-779)
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