TRPV
TRPV is a family of transient receptor potential ion channels.
TRPV subunits contain three to five N-terminal ankyrin repeats and can be activated through a variety of mechanisms. TRPV1 to TRPV4 can act as thermometers on a molecular level. TRPV1, specifically, is activated by noxious heat, acidic pH, capsaicin[1], and the endocannabinoids: anandamide and N-arachidonoyl-dopamine. TRPV4, alternatively, can be activated by cell swelling caused by 5',6'-ep-oxyeicosatrienoic acid.[2]
TRPV5 and TRPV6 are calcium entry channels responsible for calcium absorption in kidney and intestine. They were originally named ECaC [3] and CAT1 [4] and expression is regulated by the vitamin D endocrine system through the active metabolite calcitriol.
Genes
- TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPV5, TRPV6
References
- ^ Smith GD, Gunthorpe MJ, Kelsell RE, Hayes PD, Reilly P, Facer P, Wright JE, Jerman JC, Walhin JP, Ooi L, Egerton J, Charles KJ, Smart D, Randall AD, Anand P, Davis JB (2002). "TRPV3 is a temperature-sensitive vanilloid receptor-like protein". Nature 418 (6894): 186-90. PMID 12077606.
- ^ Nilius B, Owsianik G, Voets T, Peters JA (2007). "Transient receptor potential cation channels in disease". Physiol. Rev. 87 (1): 165-217. PMID 17237345.
- ^ Hoenderop JG, van der Kemp AW, Hartog A, van de Graaf SF, van Os CH, Willems PH, Bindels RJ (1999). "Molecular identification of the apical Ca2+ channel in 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-responsive epithelia". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (13): 8375-8. PMID 10085067.
- ^ Peng JB, Chen XZ, Berger UV, Vassilev PM, Tsukaguchi H, Brown EM, Hediger MA (1999). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a channel-like transporter mediating intestinal calcium absorption". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (32): 22739-46. PMID 10428857.
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Membrane transport protein: ion channels |
| Ca2+: Calcium channel |
Voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-type/Cavα(1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4), N-type, P-type/Cavα(2.1), Q-type, R-type, T-type, β-subunits (β1, β2, β4), γ-subunits (γ2) • Inositol triphosphate receptor • Ryanodine receptor • Cation channels of sperm • Two-pore channel |
| Na+: Sodium channel |
Navα (1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.9) • Navβ (1, 3, 4) • Epithelial sodium channel |
| K+: Potassium channel |
Voltage-gated (Kvα (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1, 4.2, 4.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 10.1, 11.1/hERG) • Kvβ (1, 2), Shaker gene, KCNE1) • Calcium-activated (BK channel, SK channel, SK3) • Inward-rectifier Kir (1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2)) • Tandem pore domain K2P (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9) |
| Cl-: Chloride channel |
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator |
| Porin |
Aquaporin (1, 2, 3, 4) • Voltage-dependent anion channel (1) |
| Cations: TRP |
TRPA (1) • TRPC (1, 2, 3, 4, 4AP, 5, 6, 7) • TRPM (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • TRPML (Mucolipin-1) • TRPP (1, 2)• TRPV (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
| Other/general |
Voltage-gated ion channel • Ligand-gated ion channel • Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel (α1, α3, β3, H1, H2, H4) • Stretch-activated ion channel |
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