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Pylorus
| Pylorus |
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| Outline of stomach, showing its anatomical landmarks. |
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| Interior of the stomach. (Pylorus labeled at center left.) |
| Latin |
valvula pylori |
| Gray's |
subject #247 1164 |
| Dorlands/Elsevier |
v_02/12844554 |
The pylorus (from Greek πυλωρος = "gate guard") is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts:
- the pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach.
- the pyloric canal, which connects to the duodenum.
The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from celiac ganglion.
Medical significance
One medical condition associated with the pylorus is pyloric stenosis. In such conditions as stomach cancer, when tumours may partly block the pyloric canal, a special tube can be implanted surgically to connect the stomach to the duodenum to assist food to pass from one to the other. This tube is called a pyloric stent.
Additional images
References
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Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract |
| Upper GI: to stomach |
Mouth • Pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx) • Esophagus • Crop |
| Upper GI: stomach |
rugae - gastric pits - cardia/gland - fundus/gland - pylorus/gland - pyloric antrum - pyloric canal - greater curvature - lesser curvature - angular incisure |
| Lower GI: intestines |
Small intestine: Duodenum (Suspensory muscle, Major duodenal papilla, Minor duodenal papilla) • Duodenojejunal flexure • Jejunum • Ileum • continuous (intestinal villus, crypts of Lieberkühn, circular folds)
Junction: Vermiform appendix • Ileocecal valve
Large intestine: Cecum • Colon (ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon) • continuous (taenia coli, haustra, epiploic appendix) |
| Lower GI: termination |
Rectum: Houston valve • rectal ampulla • pectinate line
Anal canal: anal valves • anal sinuses • anal columns • Hilton's white line
Anus: Sphincter ani internus muscle • Sphincter ani externus muscle |
| Lower GI: lymph |
GALT: Peyer's patches (M cells) |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Pylorus". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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