L-type calcium channel
The L-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel. Like the others of this class, the α1 subunit is the one that determines most of the channel's properties.
L-type calcium channel blockers are used as antiarrhythmics or antihypertensives, depending on whether the drugs has higher affinity to the heart (like verapamil) or to the vessels (nifedipine).
L-type channels are selectively blocked by dihydropyridines.
See also
In skeletal muscle, there is a very high concentration of DHP receptors, representing L-type calcium channels, situated in the T-tubules. Muscle depolarization results in large gating currents, but anomolously low calcium flux, which is now explained by the very slow activation of the ionic currents. For this reason, little or no Ca2þ passes across the T-tubule membrane during a single action potential.
Genes
- CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1S, CACNA1F
See also
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Membrane transport protein: ion channels |
| Ca2+: Calcium channel |
Voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-type/Cavα(1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4), N-type, P-type/Cavα(2.1), Q-type, R-type, T-type, β-subunits (β1, β2, β4), γ-subunits (γ2) • Inositol triphosphate receptor • Ryanodine receptor • Cation channels of sperm • Two-pore channel |
| Na+: Sodium channel |
Navα (1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.9) • Navβ (1, 3, 4) • Epithelial sodium channel |
| K+: Potassium channel |
Voltage-gated (Kvα (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1, 4.2, 4.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 10.1, 11.1/hERG) • Kvβ (1, 2), Shaker gene, KCNE1) • Calcium-activated (BK channel, SK channel, SK3) • Inward-rectifier Kir (1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2)) • Tandem pore domain K2P (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9) |
| Cl-: Chloride channel |
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator |
| Porin |
Aquaporin (1, 2, 3, 4) • Voltage-dependent anion channel (1) |
| Cations: TRP |
TRPA (1) • TRPC (1, 2, 3, 4, 4AP, 5, 6, 7) • TRPM (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • TRPML (Mucolipin-1) • TRPP (1, 2)• TRPV (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
| Other/general |
Voltage-gated ion channel • Ligand-gated ion channel • Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel (α1, α3, β3, H1, H2, H4) • Stretch-activated ion channel |
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