Dorsal interossei of the hand
- For the muscles of the foot, see Dorsal interossei muscles (foot).
| Dorsal interossei of the hand |
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| The Interossei dorsales of left hand. |
| Latin |
musculi interossei dorsales manus |
| Gray's |
subject #126 464 |
| Origin: |
metacarpals |
| Insertion: |
proximal phalanges |
| Artery: |
Dorsal metacarpal artery and palmar metacarpal artery |
| Nerve: |
deep branch of ulnar nerve |
| Action: |
abduct finger |
| Antagonist: |
Palmar interossei muscles |
| Dorlands/Elsevier |
m_22/12549389 |
The dorsal interossei of the hand are muscles that occupy the space between the metacarpals.
Structure
There are four dorsal interossei in each hand. They are specified as 'dorsal' to contrast them with the palmar interossei, which are located on the anterior side of the metacarpals.
The dorsal interosseous muscles are bipennate, with each muscle arising by two heads from the adjacent sides of the metacarpal bones, but more extensively from the metacarpal bone of the finger into which the muscle is inserted. They are inserted into the bases of the proximal phalanges and into the extensor expansion of the corresponding extensor digitorum tendon. The middle digit has two dorsal interossei insert onto it while the first digit (thumb) and the fifth digit (little finger) have none.
| # |
Origin |
Insertion |
| first |
on the radial side of the second metacarpal and the proximal half of the ulnar side of the first metacarpal |
on the radial side of the base of the second proximal phalanx (index finger) and the extensor expansion |
| second |
on the radial side of the third metacarpal and the ulnar side of the second metacarpal |
on the radial side of the third proximal phalanx (the middle finger) and the extensor expansion |
| third |
on the radial side of the fourth metacarpal and the ulnar side of the third metacarpal |
on the ulnar side of the third proximal phalanx (the middle finger) and the extensor expansion |
| fourth |
on the radial side of the fifth metacarpal and the ulnar side of the fourth metacarpal |
on the ulnar side of the fourth proximal phalanx (the ring finger) and the extensor expansion |
The first dorsal interosseous muscle is larger than the others. Between its two heads, the radial artery passes from the back of the hand into the palm.
Between the heads of dorsal interossei two, three, and four, a perforating branch from the deep palmar arch is transmitted. (The radial artery is transmitted between the heads of the first dorsal interosseous muscle.)
Innervation
All interosseous muscles of the hand are innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve.
Actions
The dorsal interosseous muscles function to abduct the fingers away from the middle finger. This is in contrast to the palmar interossei, which adduct the fingers. This is often remembered by the mnemonic 'DAB PAD', short for "Dorsal ABducts, Palmar ADducts". The interossei also assist the lumbricals.
Additional images
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
|
List of muscles of upper limbs |
| VERTEBRAL COLUMN |
trapezius - latissimus dorsi - rhomboid (major, minor) - levator scapulae |
| THORACIC WALLS |
pectoralis major - pectoralis minor - subclavius - serratus anterior |
| SHOULDER |
deltoid - rotator cuff (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) - teres major |
| ARM |
anterior compartment: coracobrachialis - biceps brachii - brachialis
posterior compartment: triceps brachii - anconeus |
| FOREARM |
anterior compartment: super. - pronator teres - palmaris longus - flexor carpi radialis - flexor carpi ulnaris - flexor digitorum superficialis - deep - pronator quadratus - flexor digitorum profundus - flexor pollicis longus
posterior compartment: super. - mobile wad (brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis) - extensor digitorum, - extensor digiti minimi - extensor carpi ulnaris - deep - supinator - anatomical snuff box (abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus) - extensor indicis |
| HAND |
lateral volar - thenar (opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis)
medial volar - palmaris brevis - hypothenar (abductor minimi digiti, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi)
intermediate - lumbrical - dorsal interossei - palmar interossei |
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