Brodmann area 24
| Brain: Brodmann area 24 |
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| Brodmann areas - Medial surface. |
| Part of |
Cingulate gyrus |
| Artery |
Anterior cerebral |
| NeuroNames |
ancil-81 |
Brodmann area 24 is part of the anterior cingulate in the human brain.
Human
In the human this area is known as ventral anterior cingulate area 24, and it refers to a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined cingulate region of cerebral cortex (area cingularis anterior ventralis). It occupies most of the anterior cingulate gyrus in an arc around the genu of corpus callosum. Its outer border corresponds approximately to the cingulate sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the pregenual area 33, externally by the dorsal anterior cingulate area 32, and caudally by the ventral posterior cingulate area 23 and the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31.
Francis Crick, one of the discoverers of DNA, listed area 24 as the seat of free will because of its centrality in abulia and amotivational syndromes[citation needed].
Guenon
In the guenon this area is referred to as area 24 of Brodmann-1905. It includes portions of the cingulate gyrus and the frontal lobe. The cortex is thin; it lacks the internal granular layer (IV) so that the densely distributed, plump pyramidal cells of sublayer 3b of the external pyramidal layer (III) merge with similar cells of the internal pyramidal layer (V); the multiform layer (VI) is very thin (Brodmann-1905). Note that Brodmann later divided this area into two areas, area 24 of Brodmann-1909 and area 25 of Brodmann-1909 (Brodmann-1909).
Subdivisions
The area has been subdivided further, and Vogt et al.[1] make three division for the area in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatto):
- 24a: "adjacent to the callosal sulcus"
- 24b: "has more clearly defined layers II, III, and Va"
- 24c: "the lower bank of the anterior cingulate sulcus"
External links and references
- ^ Brent A. Vogt, Deepak N. Pandya, Douglas L. Rosene, "Cingulate cortex of the rhesus monkey: I. Cytoarchitecture and thalamic afferents," The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 262(2):256-270, 1987.
- For a list of Brodmann areas visit http://spot.colorado.edu/~dubin/talks/brodmann/neuronames.html
See also
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Brain: telencephalon (cerebrum, cerebral cortex, cerebral hemispheres) |
| Primary sulci/fissures |
Medial longitudinal, Lateral, Central, Parietoöccipital, Calcarine, Cingulate, Callosal Collateral fissure |
| Frontal lobe |
Precentral gyrus (Primary motor cortex, 4), Precentral sulcus, Superior frontal gyrus/Frontal eye fields (6, 8, 9), Middle frontal gyrus (46), Inferior frontal gyrus (44-Pars opercularis, 45-Pars triangularis), Orbitofrontal cortex (10, 11, 12, 47) |
| Parietal lobe |
Somatosensory cortex (Primary (1, 2, 3, 43), Secondary (5)), Precuneus (7m), Parietal lobules (Arcuate fasciculus/Superior (7l), Inferior (40)), Angular gyrus (39), Intraparietal sulcus, Marginal sulcus |
| Occipital lobe |
Primary visual cortex (17), Cuneus, Lingual gyrus, 18, 19 - Lateral occipital sulcus |
| Temporal lobe |
Primary auditory cortex (41, 42), Superior temporal gyrus (38, 22), Middle temporal gyrus (21), Inferior temporal gyrus (20), Fusiform gyrus (37) Medial temporal lobe (Amygdala, Hippocampus, Parahippocampal gyrus (27, 28, 34, 35, 36) |
| Cingulate cortex/gyrus |
Subgenual area (25), anterior cingulate (24, 32, 33), Posterior cingulate (23, 31), Retrosplenial cortex (26, 29, 30), Supracallosal gyrus |
| white matter tracts |
Corpus callosum (Splenium, Genu, Rostrum, Tapetum), Septum pellucidum, Internal capsule, Corona radiata, External capsule, Olfactory tract, Fornix (Commissure of fornix), Anterior commissure, Posterior commissure Terminal stria Superior and Inferior longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, cingulum, Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus |
| Basal ganglia |
Striatum (Putamen,Caudate nucleus, Nucleus accumbens), Globus pallidus, Claustrum, Subthalamic nucleus, Substantia nigra |
| Other |
Insular cortex Olfactory bulb, Anterior olfactory nucleus Septal nuclei Basal optic nucleus of Meynert |
| Some categorizations are approximations, and some Brodmann areas span gyri. |
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