Autotaxin
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Autotaxin, Ectonucleotide phosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2, Phosphodiesterase-Ialpha, lysophospholipase D
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| Identifiers |
| Symbol |
ATX |
| Alt. Symbols |
ENPP2, NPP2, PDNP2, PD-Ia, LysoPLD |
| Entrez |
5168 |
| HUGO |
3357 |
| OMIM |
601060 |
| RefSeq |
NM_006209 |
| UniProt |
Q13822 |
| Other data |
| EC number |
3.6.1.9 3.1.4.1, 3.6.1.9 |
| Locus |
Chr. 8 q24.1{{{LocusSupplementaryData}}} |
Autotaxin, also known as ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (NPP2 or ENPP2), is a secreted enzyme important for generating the lipid signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Autotaxin has lysophospholipase D activity that converts lysophosphatidylcholine into LPA.
Autotaxin was originally identified as a tumor cell-motility-stimulating factor; later it was shown to be LPA (which signals through Lysophospholipid receptors), the lipid product of the reaction catalyzed by autotaxin, which is responsible for its effects on cell-proliferation.
See also
References
- Tokumura A, Majima E, Kariya Y, Tominaga K, Kogure K, Yasuda K, Fukuzawa K (2002). "Identification of human plasma lysophospholipase D, a lysophosphatidic acid-producing enzyme, as autotaxin, a multifunctional phosphodiesterase". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (42): 39436-42. PMID 12176993.
- Umezu-Goto M, Kishi Y, Taira A, Hama K, Dohmae N, Takio K, Yamori T, Mills GB, Inoue K, Aoki J, Arai H (2002). "Autotaxin has lysophospholipase D activity leading to tumor cell growth and motility by lysophosphatidic acid production". J. Cell Biol. 158 (2): 227-33. PMID 12119361.
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