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10,783 Newest Publications of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Origin of intrinsic irregular firing in cortical interneurons [Neuroscience]
07-05-2013 | Klaus M. Stiefel; Bernhard Englitz; Terrence J. Sejnowski, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Cortical spike trains are highly irregular both during ongoing, spontaneous activity and when driven at high firing rates. There is uncertainty about the source of this irregularity, ranging from intrinsic noise sources in neurons to collective effects in large-scale cortical networks. ...
Synthesis of customized petroleum-replica fuel molecules by targeted modification of free fatty acid pools in Escherichia coli [Applied Biological Sciences]
07-05-2013 | Thomas P. Howard; Sabine Middelhaufe; Karen Moore; Christoph Edner; Dagmara M. Kolak; George N. Taylor; David A. Par ..., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Biofuels are the most immediate, practical solution for mitigating dependence on fossil hydrocarbons, but current biofuels (alcohols and biodiesels) require significant downstream processing and are not fully compatible with modern, mass-market internal combustion engines. Rather, the ideal ...
Rhomboid domain-containing protein 3 is a negative regulator of TLR3-triggered natural killer cell activation [Immunology]
07-05-2013 | Juan Liu; Shuxun Liu; Meng Xia; Sheng Xu; Chunmei Wang; Yan Bao; Minghong Jiang; Yue Wu; Tian Xu; Xuetao Cao, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Rhomboid domain-containing protein 3 (Rhbdd3), which belongs to a family of proteins with rhomboid domain, is widely expressed in immune cells; however, the roles of the Rhbdd members, including Rhbdd3, in immunity remain unknown. Natural killer (NK) cells are critical for host immune defense ...
Interdomain lateral gene transfer of an essential ferrochelatase gene in human parasitic nematodes [Evolution]
07-05-2013 | Bo Wu; Jacopo Novelli; Daojun Jiang; Harry A. Dailey; Frédéric Landmann; Louise Ford; Mark J. Taylor; Clotilde K. S. ..., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Lateral gene transfer events between bacteria and animals highlight an avenue for evolutionary genomic loss/gain of function. Herein, we report functional lateral gene transfer in animal parasitic nematodes. Members of the Nematoda are heme auxotrophs, lacking the ability to synthesize heme; ...
Centrality in primate-parasite networks reveals the potential for the transmission of emerging infectious diseases to humans [Ecology]
07-05-2013 | José María Gómez; Charles L. Nunn; Miguel Verdú, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Most emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in humans have arisen from animals. Identifying high-risk hosts is therefore vital for the control and surveillance of these diseases. Viewing hosts as connected through the parasites they share, we use network tools to investigate predictors of ...
Stepwise protein folding at near amino acid resolution by hydrogen exchange and mass spectrometry [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
07-05-2013 | Wenbing Hu; Benjamin T. Walters; Zhong-Yuan Kan; Leland Mayne; Laura E. Rosen; Susan Marqusee; S. Walter Englander, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
The kinetic folding of ribonuclease H was studied by hydrogen exchange (HX) pulse labeling with analysis by an advanced fragment separation mass spectrometry technology. The results show that folding proceeds through distinct intermediates in a stepwise pathway that sequentially incorporates ...
Vaccinia virus F1L protein promotes virulence by inhibiting inflammasome activation [Immunology]
07-05-2013 | Motti Gerlic; Benjamin Faustin; Antonio Postigo; Eric Chi-Wang Yu; Martina Proell; Naran Gombosuren; Maryla Krajewsk ..., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Host innate immune responses to DNA viruses involve members of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing protein (NLRP) family, which form “inflammasomes” that activate caspase-1, resulting in proteolytic activation of cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and ...
Drosophila ORB protein in two mushroom body output neurons is necessary for long-term memory formation [Neuroscience]
07-05-2013 | Tsung-Pin Pai; Chun-Chao Chen; Hui-Hao Lin; An-Lun Chin; Jason Sih-Yu Lai; Pei-Tseng Lee; Tim Tully; Ann-Shyn Chiang, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Memory is initially labile and gradually consolidated over time through new protein synthesis into a long-lasting stable form. Studies of odor-shock associative learning in Drosophila have established the mushroom body (MB) as a key brain structure involved in olfactory long-term memory (LTM) ...
Assessment of radiative feedback in climate models using satellite observations of annual flux variation [Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences]
07-05-2013 | Yoko Tsushima; Syukuro Manabe, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
In the climate system, two types of radiative feedback are in operation. The feedback of the first kind involves the radiative damping of the vertically uniform temperature perturbation of the troposphere and Earth’s surface that approximately follows the Stefan–Boltzmann law of blackbody ...
A thin polymer membrane, nano-suit, enhancing survival across the continuum between air and high vacuum [Applied Biological Sciences]
07-05-2013 | Yasuharu Takaku; Hiroshi Suzuki; Isao Ohta; Daisuke Ishii; Yoshinori Muranaka; Masatsugu Shimomura; Takahiko Hariyama, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue, 2013
Most multicellular organisms can only survive under atmospheric pressure. The reduced pressure of a high vacuum usually leads to rapid dehydration and death. Here we show that a simple surface modification can render multicellular organisms strongly tolerant to high vacuum. Animals that ...
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