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Urinalysis




A urinalysis (or "UA") is an array of tests performed on urine and one of the most common methods of medical diagnosis. A part of a urinalysis can be performed by using urine dipsticks, in which the test results can be read as color changes.

Medical urinalysis

A typical medical urinalysis usually includes:

  • a description of color and appearance
  • specific gravity - This test detects ion concentration of the urine. Small amounts of protein or ketoacidosis tend to elevate results of the specific gravity.
  • pH - the pH of healthy individuals ranges from around 4.8 to 7.5.
  • ketone bodies
  • protein
  • urobilinogen
  • bilirubin
  • RBC number
  • WBC number
  • The hormone hCG: pregnancy may be checked for by screening a woman's urine for this. Home testing pregnancy tests have been developed for this purpose.
  • Pyroluria

Microscopic examination

  The numbers and types of cells and/or material such as urinary casts can yield a great detail of information and may suggest a specific diagnosis.

See also

  • uroscopy, the ancient form of this analysis
  • Medical technologist
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Urinalysis". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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